Chapter 10 Study Guide Apush

1. 1. Describe the fiscal situation of the unite States in 1791. The revenue enhance manpowert had declined and the public debt was huge. The American deal were brashly (*hastily, rash) at temping to erect a republic on an immense scale. 2. 2. Char spellerize the American population at the time of the ratification of the Constitution. The American population was doubling nearly every twenty- basketball team years and the number one census in 1790 recorded about 4 million people. The population was still 90 portion outlandish though even though the cities were doing very well and growing.About five percent of the population lived east of the Appalachian Mountains 3. 3. When was Vermont admitted to the Union? Vermont become the 14th dry land in 1791. 4. 4. Who did the Electoral College elect first president of the United States in 1789? George working capital was unanimously drafted the first president by the Electoral College in 1789. 5. 5. Philadelphia was the first capital of the new nation. What was the second? New York was the temporary capital. 6. 6. come across the members of capital of the United Statess cabinet and the fixs they held. The secretary of state was Thomas Jefferson. secretaire of the Treasury was Alexander Hamilton. The Secretary of strugglefare was Henry Knox. Attorney worldwide Edmund Randolf 7. 7. Who wrote the bill of Rights? When were they adopted by the states? The Bill of rights was adopted in 1791 and was drafted by James Madison. 8. 8. Read the Bill of Rights. 9. 9. How was the judicial branch organized downstairs the Judiciary Act of 1789? The branch had a chief justice and five associates. It similarly had federal order and circuit courts and established the office of attorney general. 10. 10 Who was the first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme accost? John Jay was the first supreme court Justice. 11. 11. Explain Hamiltons fiscal de evil His plan was to shape the fiscal policies of the administration i n a way to favor the wealthier groups. By doing the above, the wealthy would lend the government financial and semipolitical support. Hamilton also planned to afford back the nations debt at governing body value, meaning everything they owed plus accumulated interest (a total of much than 54 million dollars) 12. 12. How did Hamilton get his way in Congress? Hamilton persuaded Jefferson to line up enough votes in Congress for assumption.In return Virginia would have the federal district on the Potomac. 13. 13. Why did Hamilton see the theme debt as a national blessing? He believed it to be a national blessing because it was a kind of union adhesive. The more people the government owed money to, the more people there would be with a personal state in the success of Hamiltons ideas. He made a debt an asset for modify the financial system as well as the government itself. 14. 14. How did Hamilton plan to raise the money to pay off the national debt? Hamiltons first plan was custo m duties (imposing valuatees on imports) which ould be derived from a tariff. Revenues from tariffs required a heavy foreign trade which was another major part of Hamiltons strategy. 15. 15. What was Hamiltons vision for a national camber? Hamilton precious a national bank that was a powerful launching and would h sr. the federal treasuries money. By having a national bank, federal capital would stimulate business by remaining in circulation The bank would also print paper money and provide a sound and enduring national currency. 16. 16. Why did Jefferson argue against the national bank? Jefferson argued that such financial power should be left to the states. He argued that the states, not Congress, had the power to drive banks. Whatever the constitution does not permit, it forbids 17. 17. How did Hamilton answer Jeffersons recommendations to Washington? Hamilton utilize the example in the constitution which gave congress the power to pass each laws which seemed proper or inevitable. He argued since the government was empowered to collect taxes and find trade, a national bank would be both proper and necessary to help perform these basically functions. HAMILTONS PLAN Pay off states debt Tariffs Exsize tax Sell bonds Create a national bank 18. The Whiskey uprising in dad in 1794 was lead by distillers who strongly fence the 1791 excise tax on whiskey. 19. The disintegration was ended when professorship Washington sent in federal troops. Although the troops faced no opposition, a strong message was sent by the government stating that it would enforce the law. 20. N/A 21. Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans wanted to get into the French and British War to fight for France. 22. Washington did not want to enter the French and British War 23.Washington issued the Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 stating the countrys neutrality from the Britain-France war. He was backed by Hamilton 24. 25. For years, the British had retained the frontier posts on U . S. soil, all in defiance of the peace treaty of 1783. 26. 27. The London government did not want to repudiate the valuable fur trade in the Great Lakes region, and British agents openly sold firearms to the Miami Confederacy, an alliance of 8 Indian nations who terrorized Americans. 18. Why did distillers in Pennsylvania rebel in 1794? Hamiltons high excise tax charge heavily on the homespun pioneer folk in the south. They impression of it as a tax on a grat luxury plainly as a burden on an economic necessity and a medium of exchange. 2. 9. Why was Washingtons action regarding the whiskey rebellion significant? It was significant because Washington brought to gather a group of militia to crush a rebellion in another state. Most people didnt think they would have the guts to attack another state. Washingtons government commanded a new respect after the rebellion. 3. take care the differences between the federalists and democratic-Republicans. Federelalists Ruled by the best p eople and wanted a powerful central government.They had a loose interpretation of the Constitution. Democratic-Republican Wanted a weak central government but power within the states. They had a strict interpretation of the Constitution. 4. What was the Democratic-Republican position on the French Revolution? They eyeshot that if a few thousand aristocratic people had to die for liberty then it was a fair price to pay. 5. What was Washingtons position on the war in Europe? Washington, who was backed by Hamilton, believed that war should be avoided at all costs if it can be. 6. What was the Neutrality promulgation and how did the Jeffersonian react to it? This document proclaimed the governments appointed neutrality in the conflict in Europe It also seriously warned American citizens to be impartial toward both armed camps. The Jeffersonians were enraged by the neutrality proclamation and they were also angry towards how he presented the proclamation, how he didnt even conult Co ngress. 7. Who is Citizen Genet? He is a 30 year old Representative of the French Republic. He took advantage of the new French American alliance and undertook to fit out privateers. 8. How did Great Britain violate the Peace of capital of France of 1783? They have been holding the chain of northern frontier posts on U. S soil for ten years. 26. Who was Mad Anthony Wayne? What were the terms of the conformity of Grenville? Mad Anthony Wayne was an soldiery general. The treaty of Grenville was signed in August 1795. The confederacy gave up great tracts of the Old Northwest and in exchange the Indians received a lump-sum honorarium of $20,000 and an annual annuity of $9,000. Also the rights to hunt in any lands they wanted and recognition of their sovereignty. 27. What action did the British take against American ships in the Caribbean? The British ships attacked the French West Indies and seized about three hundred American merchandiser ships in the West Indies. 28. Explain the terms of Jays Treaty and the Jeffersonians reaction to it. The British agree to evacuate their posts in the U. S and also to pay for the damages caused in the recent seizures of American ships. The British didnt speak of any future attacks however. The Jeffersonians were fill with rage because the treaty seemed like an abject surrender to Britain. 29. What was Pinckneys Treaty? This treated with Spain gave the U.S basically everything they wanted including navigation throughout the Mississippi and the larger disputed territory of north Florida. 13. What did Washington warn of in his valedictory address? Washington strongly suggested staying away from permanent alliances such as the Franco-American alliance. Washington did not oppose alliances but simply believed temporary alliances were best. 14. Who ran for President in 1796? What was the result of the election? John Adams and Thomas Jefferson ran for President. John Adams win the election by a small margin and therefore Jeffers on became vice president since he was runner up. 5. Explain the XYZ affair This was a political and diplomatic episode where Adamss envoys were approached secretly by here go-betweens. 16. How did the United States prepare for war with France? They worked very fast, creating a navy department and expanding the three-ship navy. The marine Corps was reestablished and a new army of ten thousand men was authorized. 17. What was the Convention of 1800? A treaty was signed in Paris where France agreed to annul the twenty-two-year-old marriage of convenience but the United States agreed to pay the damage claims of American shippers. 8. Explain the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Sedition act basically took away freedom of speech and press from citizens. The law provided that anyone who impede the policies of the government or falsely defamed its officials such as the president was to be fined and imprisoned. The Alien acts consists of the federalist Congress created a disheartening barrier f or the dregs scatty to come in from Europe. Also one of the laws hit hard on immigrants, it allowed the president to do dangerous foreigners in time of peace and to deport or imprison them in times of hostility.